How The Ecosystem Works


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

How The Ecosystem Works

How Ecosystems Work: The living portion of an ecosystem is best described in terms of feeding levels known as trophic levels. The trophic level of an organism is the position it occupies on the food web. The word trophic derives from the Greek trophÄ“ referring to food or feeding. Green plants make up the first trophic level and are known as primary producers. Plants are able to convert energy from the sun into food through a process known as photosynthesis. In the second trophic level, the primary consumers - known as  herbivores - are animals and insects that obtain their energy solely by eating the green plants. The third trophic level is composed of the secondary consumers, flesh-eating or carnivorous animals that feed on herbivores. At the fourth level are the tertiary consumers, carnivores that feed on other carnivores. Finally, the fifth trophic level consists of the decomposers, organisms such as fungi and bacteria that break down dead or dying matter into nutrients that can be used again.

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